Marine Protected Areas in Southeast Asia - Abstract & Summary List
Source: Asean Regional Centre for Biodiveristy Conservation, 2002
(URL: www.arcbc.org/arcbcweb/publications/mpa.htm)

Abstract:

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of nine member countries of the Association of South-east Asian Nations (ASEAN) were reviewed. These countries are the Philippines, Malay-sia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brunei, Singapore, Cambodia and Myanmar. Different issues pertaining to MPAs of each country are assessed and their management con-cerns evaluated. The pressures (i.e. threats) on the marine environment, the state of theirhabitats and the important management needs are examined. A priority action agendaand a regional strategic MPA framework are also proposed.

The ASEAN region contains some of the most extensive coastlines and diverse coralreefs in the world but remains the most highly threatened. A proliferation of MPAs in theASEAN shows a growing consciousness on the need to deal with the increasing threats(e.g. coastal development, sedimentation and over-exploitation), leading to the degra-dation of the coastal and marine resources of the region. Although MPAs are recognizedas crucial to conserving biodiversity, only a few (around 10-20%) of the MPAs are effec-tively managed and as such, MPA management remains inadequate. Some of the sug-gested priority actions are the following: 1) improve and effectively implement legislativereforms to enhance MPA effectiveness, 2) incorporate MPA planning and managementinto an Integrated Coastal Management framework, 3) enhance sustaining mechanisms toenable managers and institutions to continue adaptive management, 4) fill in gaps in theestablishment and understanding of representatively adequate MPAs in the various bio-geographic zones (e.g. W. Sumatra, E. Philippines and Myanmar), and 5) improve andestablish joint research and cooperative management areas (e.g. the Turtle Islands and theSpratlys).

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(on Page 25 of the book) Table i.5. List of existing (E) and proposed (P) MPAs of regional (A) and national (B) conservation priorities. MPAs refer primarily to protected areas with substantial marine areas; mangrove reserves with little marine area are not listed.

Country Name of MPA E/P Priority
Brunei 2. Palau Punyit P B
Indonesia 13. Bunaken National Park E B
  14. Jamursba Medi Nature Reserve P B
  15. Karimunjawa National Park E A
  16. Kepulauan Aru Tenggara Nature E B
  Reserve    
  17. Kep. Karimata E B
  18. Kep. Taka Bone Rate National Park E A
  19. Kep. Togian Marine Recreational Park P B
  20. Komodo National Park E A
  21. Laut Banda Recreational Park (RP) E A
  22. Pulau Krakatau Marine Nature Reserve E A
  23. Pulau Semama Wildlife Reserve E A
  24. Pulau Sangalaki RP E A
  25. Tanjung Putting P A
  26. Teluk Cenderawasih National Park E A
  27. Teluk Raja Ampat Wildlife Reserve E B
  28. Tujuh Belas Pulao Marine Nature E B
  Reserve    
  29. Ujung Kulon National Park E A
Philippines 62. Batanes Islands PLS E B
  63. El Nido—Bacuit Bay MR/TZMR E B
  64. Apo Reef TZMR/PLS/CEP/IPAS E B
  65. Turtle Islands E A
  66. Tubbataha Reef NMR/NMP E A
  67. Apo Island TZMR E B
  68. Sumilon Island FS/NMP/MCRP/CEP E B
  69. Pamilacan Island MCRP/MP E B
  70. Panglao-Balicasag Island TZMR E B
  71. Taklong Island NMR E B
  72. Guiuan TZMR/PLS E B
  73. Sabgaku Cove—Sacol Island TZMR E B
  74. Sta. Cruz (Big & Small) Bay E B
  75. Samal Island TZMR E B
  76. Talicud Islands TZMR E B
  77. Siargao Island MSFR/WA E B
Malaysia 31. Layang-layang Island Marine Park P B
  32. Mersing Marine Park E B
  33. Pulau Talang—Talang Besar Fisheries E B
  Protected Area    
  34. Pulau Redang Marine Park E B
  (+ Perhentian & Kapas Island    
  35. Pulau Tiga Marine Park E B
  36. Semporna Islands Marine Park P A
  37. Sipadan Island Marine Park P B
  38. Turtle Islands (Pulau Penyu) Marine Park E A
Singapore 78. Southern Islands (Include 4 sites: Pulau P B
  Hantu, Sudong, Semakau and St. John)    
Thailand 88. Ao Phangna National Park E B
  89. Hat Chao Mai National Park E B
  90. Hat Nopharat Thara—Mu Ko Phi Phi E B
  National Park    
  91. Khao Lam Pi Hat Thai Muang National E B
  Park    
  92. Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park E A
  93. Laem Son National Park E B
  94. Mu Ko Chang National Park E B
  95. Mu Ko Similan National Park E A
  96. Mu Ko Surin National Park E A
  97. Sirinath National Park E B
  98. Tarutao National Park E A
  99. An Thoi (South Phu Quoc) Fisheries P B
  Sanctuary    
Vietnam 100. Bach Long Vi P B
  101. Cat Ba National Park E B
  102. Con Dao National Park E A
  103. Nam Du Islands P B
Cambodia 104. Preah Sihanouk National Park    
Myanmar 105. Lampi Marine National Park    
  106. Mergui Archipelago    
  107. Moscos Islands    
  108. Thamihia Kyun Game Sanctuary    
Disputed Spratly Archipelagos P A

Also see "Maps/Marine Protected Areas..." under Maps and Images