HI 204—Lec. 19

4/25/01

 

Supporters, Critics, and Limits:  New Deal Programs and Politics

 

I.  Centralization and Individualism as themes:  tensions and  balancing acts

 

                        A. Films from Monday:  lots of collective action and responsibility

 

B. moral capitalism and New Deal cooperative values; a different individualism from the 1920s

 

II.  New Deal Programs, continued:  Government Regulation of the Economy

 

                        A.  National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA); National Recovery Administration (NRA); the blue eagle

 

                        B.  Supreme Court ruled NRA unconstitutional 1935

 

                        C.  Agricultural Adjustment Act 1933 (OR…Negro Removal Act)

 

                                    i.  crop destruction, 6 million piglets; 10 million acres of cotton

 

                                    ii.  eventually declared unconstitutional

 

III.  1934 Elections and the Second New Deal (1935-1939)

 

                        A.  Push to the Left

 

                                    i.  critics:  Father Charles Coughlin; Huey Long and Share Our Wealth

 

                                    ii.  crises:  labor uprisings of 1934, 35:  San Francisco General Strike

 

B.  Second New Deal

 

            i.  Social Security Act (1935) (no ag. or domestic laborers)

            ii.  Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) (no ag. or domestic laborers)

 

iii.  Wagner Act (1935) (National Labor Relations Act)(same)

                                   

 

iv.  1936 election and New Deal coalition

                                   

 

v.  1937 Supreme Court-Packing Fiasco

 

IV.  Workers and the New Deal

 

                        A.  Emergence of Industrial Unionism

 

B. United Auto Workers, Sit-Down Strikes; CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations)

 

C.  Radicals and communists

 

V.  New Deal Legacies

 

                        A.  New Deal shifted the meaning of centralization and individualism; continued the tension between them